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Whitepapers

Disk Partition Alignment Best Practices for SQL Server

SQL Server Techical Article

Published: May 2009
Authors: Jimmy May (MS IT Assessment, Consulting, & Engineering (ACE) | bio), Denny Lee
Contributors: Mike Ruthruff, Robert Smith, Bruce Worthington, Jeff Goldner, Mark Licata, Deborah Jones, Michael Thomassy, Michael Epprecht, Frank McBath, Joseph Sack, Matt Landers, Jason McKittrick, Linchi Shea, Juergen Thomas, Emily Wilson, John Otto, Brent Dowling
Technical Reviewers: Mike Ruthruff, Robert Smith, Bruce Worthington, Emily Wilson, Lindsey Allen, Stuart Ozer, Thomas Kejser, Kun Cheng, Nicholas Dritsas, Paul Mestemaker, Alexei Khalyako, Mike Anderson, Bong Kang

Disk partition alignment is a powerful tool for improving SQL Server performance. Configuring optimal disk performance is often viewed as much art as science. A best practice that is essential yet often overlooked is disk partition alignment. Windows Server 2008 attempts to align new partitions out-of-the-box, yet disk partition alignment remains a relevant technology for partitions created on prior versions of Windows.

This paper documents performance for aligned and nonaligned storage and why nonaligned partitions can negatively impact I/O performance; it explains disk partition alignment for storage configured on Windows Server 2003, including analysis, diagnosis, and remediation; and it describes how Windows Server 2008 attempts to remedy challenges related to partition alignment for new partitions yet does not correct the configuration of preexisting partitions.

The following topics are also included: background information, implementation, vendor considerations, two essential correlations, valid starting partition offsets, and the simple protocol to align partitions, define file allocation unit size, and assign drive letters. It includes results from tests that show how partition alignment can affect performance for SQL Server 2008.

For more information, please refer to the Disk Partition Alignment Best Practices for SQL Server whitepaper.

You can also download a Microsoft Word version of this article

 

Comments

 

Swiss IT Professional and TechNet Blog said:

The SQL Server Customer Advisory Team (SQLCAT) have published a white paper on the topic “Disk Partition

May 12, 2009 10:06 AM
 

Schweizer IT Professional und TechNet Blog said:

Das SQL Server Customer Advisory Team (SQLCAT) hat ein White Paper zum Thema “Disk Partition Alignment”

May 12, 2009 10:07 AM
 

The Rambling DBA: Jonathan Kehayias said:

A new whitepaper was released yesterday on Disk Alignment, an often overlooked aspect of properly configuring 

May 12, 2009 2:04 PM
 

colin leversuch-roberts said:

Excellent whitepaper, been waiting so long for this, now I finally have a whitepaper I can wave at the storage guys to back up my requests for proper alignment.

May 13, 2009 4:14 AM
 

SQL Server and Cloud Links for the Week | Brent Ozar - SQL Server DBA said:

Pingback from  SQL Server and Cloud Links for the Week | Brent Ozar - SQL Server DBA

May 15, 2009 9:07 AM
 

There's Something about SQL! said:

I've blogged some time ago about Microsoft recommendations for maximizing the performances of your disks

May 20, 2009 3:11 AM
 

Hardware configuration | keyongtech said:

Pingback from  Hardware configuration | keyongtech

June 8, 2009 6:08 PM
 

siz said:

I have read a lot about this but my disks are 3TB meaning that they are GPT partitions. Do I still need to allign them?

March 25, 2010 12:31 PM
 

aspiringgeek said:

Siz, disk partition alignment is a best practice & is fundamental to leveraging the full performance of your disk I/O subsystem.  Alignment affects performance whether your partitions are basic or dynamic, MBR or GPT.

There are plans for enhancing the whitepaper to include updated guidance, validation of existing partitions, & performance info for dynamic disks as well as GPT disks.

Jimmy May

Sr. Program Manager

SQL Server Customer Advisory Team: SQL CAT

March 25, 2010 4:11 PM
 

siz said:

Jimmy, thanks for your quick response. When I look at the offset (using DISKPART) on my RAID 6 3TB drive (64K striping) I see two partitions 'Partition 1 Reserved 17KB offset', ''Partition 2 Primary 128MB offset'. Using wmic my results are  'Block Size 512, Starting Offset 134235136'. Can you advise what my offset should be in this case when formatting using DISKPART and 64K sectors? Just trying to get my head round this with GPT disks has thrown me a bit.

Thanks again, Siz

March 26, 2010 5:41 AM
 

aspiringgeek said:

Siz, please email me, I have some questions:

jimmymay@microsoft.com

March 29, 2010 1:43 PM
 

Partition Alignment and Late Night Infomericals « WebbTech Solutions said:

Pingback from  Partition Alignment and Late Night Infomericals « WebbTech Solutions

June 29, 2010 10:02 AM

About denny.lee

Denny Lee is a Senior Program Manager based out of Redmond, WA in the SQL Customer Advisory Team (SQLCAT) - DW/BI Group. He has more than 13 years experience as a developer and consultant implementing software solutions to complex OLTP and data warehousing problems. His industry experience includes accounting, human resources, automotive, retail, web analytics, telecommunications, and healthcare. He had helped create the first OLAP Services reporting application in production at Microsoft and is a co-author of "Professional Microsoft PowerPivot for Excel and SharePoint", “Professional Microsoft SQL Server Analysis Services 2008 with MDX”, “Professional Microsoft SQL Server 2000 Data Warehousing with Analysis Services” and “Transforming Healthcare through Information [Ed. Joan Ash] (2009)”. In addition to contributing to the SQLCAT Blog, SQL Server Best Practices, and SQLCAT.com, you can also review Denny's Blog (http://dennyglee.com). Denny specializes in developing solutions for Enterprise Data Warehousing, Analysis Services, and Data Mining; he also has focuses in the areas of Privacy and Healthcare.
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